ABSTRACT
Cancer is a significant cause of death worldwide. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is spreading rapidly globally. Information on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its complications in cancer patients are still limited. It is relevant to consider that some chemotherapeutic agents have secondary immunosuppressive effects. Approximately 35% of hematologic cancer patients develop pneumonia caused by community respiratory viruses. People older than 65 years-old or with severe neutropenia or lymphopenia are at higher risk. Cancer patients with pneumonia infected by parainfluenza virus showed a higher risk of mortality compared to non-cancer patients (p < 0.05;12.3% vs. 3.8%) or coronavirus infections (p < 0.01;24% vs. 30%). Complications associated with SARS-COV2 infection in cancer patients are limited to descriptive studies, with those who received myeloablative, immunosuppressive or monoclonal antibody therapies being more susceptible.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: According to reports from China and Europe, there are various clinical and laboratory risk factors that associate with both death and the use of a ventilator in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In Wuhan, blood type A was related to these complications, but this factor is unknown for Latin America. Objective was to describe the association of blood type with complications related to COVID-19 infection. Material and methods: A retrospective comparative study from the clinical files of patients cared for in the emergency department between April and May 2020. Results: Data was analyzed from 120 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. There were no differences in age and gender by blood type. Type O was the most frequent (80.8%) followed by type A (11.7%) and type B (7.5%). In univariate analysis, there was no impact of blood type on survival, individually (groups A, B, O) (log rank 0.154). In multivariate analysis, only age influenced prognosis (p =0.004). Above the risk, type O showed no impact on mortality [odds ratio (OR) 1.0119, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.3898-2.6272, p =0.980] or ventilator use (OR 1.5616, 95% CI: 0.4834-5.0453, p =0.456), likewise for types A and B (OR 0.9882, 95% CI, 0.3806-2.5657). Conclusion: Blood type does not impact prognosis in Mexican patients with COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Various biomarkers based on blood counts have been useful for the prognosis of patients critically ill with COVID-19. Objective: To describe the usefulness of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR) and lymphocyte-to-platelet ([LPR) ratios for the prognosis of mortality and ventilatory support requirement for COVID-19. Method: Retrospective cohort of clinical records of patients with COVID-19 who required hospital care. Results: One-hundred and twenty-five cases were analyzed;mean age was 51 years, and 60 % were of the male gender;21.6 % had type 2 diabetes mellitus, and 18.4 % had hypertension. Mean leukocyte count was 9.5 × 103/µL, with a neutrophil mean of 8.0 ×103/µL. Mean NLR was 12.01, while for MLR it was 0.442, and for LPR, 373.07. Regarding the area under the curve, the following values were recorded for mortality: 0.594 for NLR, 0.628 for MLR and 0.505 for LPR;as for mechanical ventilation, the values were 0.581 for NLR, 0.619 for MLR and 0.547 for LPR. In the univariate analysis, an NLR value >13 (OR: 2.750, p = 0.001) and an MLR of >0.5 (OR: 2.069, p = 0.047) were associated with mortality. LPR showed no impact on mortality or respiratory support. Conclusion: NLR and MLR are useful for predicting mortality in patients with COVID-19. © 2020 Academia Nacional de Medicina de México.